Front matter

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Babasaheb Dr. B.R. Ambedkar (14th April 1891 - 6th December 1956)

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DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR WRITINGS AND SPEECHES Volume No. : 17 PART TWO DR. B.R. AMBEDKAR AND HIS EGALITARIAN REVOLUTION

SOCIO-POLITICAL, RELIGIOUS ACTIVITIES PART TWO Edited by HARI NARAKE DR. M. L. KASARE N. G. KAMBLE ASHOK GODGHATE Dr. Ambedkar Foundation Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment Govt. of India

Volume No. : 17 (II)

First Edition: Education Department, Govt. of Maharashtra: 14 April, 1979 First Re-Printed by Dr. Ambedkar Foundation: Jan, 2014 Second Re-Printed by Dr. Ambedkar Foundation: August, 2019 Third Re-Printed by Dr. Ambedkar Foundation: August, 2020 ISBN: 978-93-5109-190-5 Cover Design: Dr. Debendra Prasad Majhi, Ph.D.

Monogram used on the Cover page is taken from Babasaheb Dr. Ambedkar’s Letterhead.

© Courtesy: Secretary, Education Department, Government of Maharashtra. ISBN (Set): 978-93-5109-171-4 Discounted Price: One Set of 1 to 17 Volumes (20 Books): Rs. 2250/- Discount Policy Annexed.

Publisher:

Dr. Ambedkar Foundation Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India 15, Janpath, New Delhi – 110 001 Phone: 011-23320571 Public Relation Officer : 011-23320588 Email: cwbadaf17@gmail.com Website: http://drambedkarwritings.gov.in The Education Department, Government of Maharashtra, Bombay-400032. For Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Source Material Publication Committee Printer:

M/s Aravali Printers & Publishers Pvt. Ltd., W-30, Okhala Phase – 2, New Delhi – 110020

Collected Works of Babasaheb Dr. Ambedkar (CWBA) Counselling and Collaboration Dr. Thaawarchand Gehlot Minister for Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India and Chairperson, Dr. Ambedkar Foundation Shri Ramdas Athawale Minister of State for Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India Shri Krishan Pal Gurjar Minister of State for Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India Shri Rattan Lal Kataria Minister of State for Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India Shri R. Subrahmanyam Secretary, Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India Ms. Upma Srivastava Addl. Secretary and Member Secretary, Dr. Ambedkar Foundation, Govt. of India Dr. Debendra Prasad Majhi, Ph.D.

Director, Dr. Ambedkar Foundation, Govt. of India Dr. Brijesh Kumar Co-ordinator (CWBA), Dr. Ambedkar Foundation

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The Complete Sets of Collected Works of Babasaheb Dr. Ambedkar, popularly known as CWBA / lEiw.kZ ok³~e;] in Hindi and English, being released by Dr. Thaawarchand Gehlot, Hon’ble Minister of Social Justice & Empowerment, Government of India and Chairman, Dr. Ambedkar Foundation at New Delhi. Dr. Debendra Prasad Majhi, Director of the Foundation and Sh. Surendra Singh, Member Secretary were also present on the occasion. The V olumes in Hindi (V ol. 22 to V ol. 40) have been published for the first time in 2019. CWBA VOLUMES RELEASE

PREFACE

Babasaheb Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was an erudite personality, a symbol of knowledge and a great son of India. He was a public intellectual, social revolutionary and a prolific communicator. He has left behind thought provoking writings and speeches bearing interdisciplinary perspectives, with insightful analysis of sociopolitical situations which evoke intellectual reasons and emotions. His writings are having profound sense of justice manifested in emancipation of marginalized masses. He not only dedicated his life for ameliorating the conditions of deprived sections of the society, but his views on inclusiveness and “Samajik Samrasta” continue inspiring national endeavor. It is expected that these V olumes may provide contemporary relevance of his thought and open up the possibilities of rethinking Dr. Ambedkar in the present day context.

The mandate of Dr. Ambedkar Foundation, inter-alia, include implementation of programmes and furthering the ideology and message of Babasaheb Dr. Ambedkar among the masses in India as well as abroad. It is a matter of great happiness that consequent upon a decision by the Governing Body of the Foundation Chaired by Hon’ble Minister of Social Justice and Empowerment, the Foundation is getting the third edition of Collected Works of Babasaheb Ambedkar (CWBA) V olumes, reprinted on popular demand of the readers. It is informed for the benefit of all concerned that the Foundation always endeavors to make the V olumes available to the readers at an affordable price, and accordingly, it has also been decided to continue with the discount policy as per the past practices on Sale of V olumes. The discount policy of the Foundation has been annexed with each V olume. It is hoped that the V olumes will continue to be source of inspirations for the readers.

15, Janpath, (Dr. Debendra Prasad Majhi)

New Delhi

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“ The danger is that the frontiers between Pakistan and India that are likely to emerge from the labours of the Boundary Commission, however, satisfactory they may be from the standpoint of the communities immediately affected, will be most unsatisfactory from the point of view of India.

If my fears come true and the boundary drawn by the Commission is not a natural one, it needs no prophet to say that its maintenance will cost the Government of India very dearly and it will put the safety and security of the people of India in great jeopardy. I hope, therefore, that late as it is, the Defence Department will bestir itself and do its duty before it is too late.”—(P. No. 357) —Dr. B. R. Ambedkar

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CONTENTS

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Section—I ARTICLES, MESSAGES, PREFACES ETC.

1. Religion and Priest be brought under Proper 3 Control.

2. Thoughts on the Reform of Legal Education in 5 the Bombay Presidency.

3. Dr. Ambedkar’s reply to Sir S. Radhakrishnan 19

4. And the Lord said Unto— 20

5. Untouchable Workers of Bombay City 64

6. Is Gandhi a Mahatma ? 66

7. Appeal for Purse to Marathi Scholar 71

8. Knowledge is Power in every Field of Life 72

9. Congress Attempts to Bypass Untouchables 73

10. I do not share Defeatist Mentality 78

11. Our Students should Learn and Lead 79

12. Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar’s Message to ‘ Maratha 81 Mandir ’.

13. Not to stop until the Untouchables recover Manhood. 83

14. Preface to ‘The Essence of Buddhism’—Third 86 Edition.

15. India’s Ancient past gave place to Pessimism 89

16. The meaning of the word ‘Receipt’ 90 CONTENTS Sr. No Subject Page (1) (2) (3)

Section—I ARTICLES, MESSAGES, PREFACES ETC.

1. Religion and Priest be brought under Proper 3 Control.

2. Thoughts on the Reform of Legal Education in 5 the Bombay Presidency.

3. Dr. Ambedkar’s reply to Sir S. Radhakrishnan 19

4. And the Lord said Unto— 20

5. Untouchable Workers of Bombay City 64

6. Is Gandhi a Mahatma ? 66

7. Appeal for Purse to Marathi Scholar 71

8. Knowledge is Power in every Field of Life 72

9. Congress Attempts to Bypass Untouchables 73

10. I do not share Defeatist Mentality 78

11. Our Students should Learn and Lead 79

12. Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar’s Message to ‘ Maratha 81 Mandir ’.

13. Not to stop until the Untouchables recover Manhood. 83

14. Preface to ‘The Essence of Buddhism’—Third 86 Edition.

15. India’s Ancient past gave place to Pessimism 89

16. The meaning of the word ‘Receipt’ 90 MESSAGE v PREFACE vii

CONTENTS—Contd.

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17. Buddha and Future of His Religion 97

18. The Rise and Fall of the Hindu Woman. 109 Who was responsible for it ?

19. Saints’ Literature can help to Moral Rearmament 130 of Man.

20. Out line-A People at Bay 131

21. The Mahars. Who were they and how they 137 became the Untouchables ?

22. Republican Party stands for Liberty, Equality, 151 Fraternity and Justice.

23. ‘Buddha and His Dhamma’ One of the Three 158

24. Training School for Entrance to Politics 159 Section—II Dr. B. R. Ambedkar on Cabinet Mission and 165 Transfer of Power—Editorial Note.

1. Proposal for Representation of Scheduled Castes 167 in the Executive Council.

2. Memorandum submitted to the Cabinet Mission 171

3. Dr. Ambedkar’s Interview with Cabinet Mission 187

4. A Note on the Meeting between Dr. B. R. 189 Ambedkar and Field Marshal Viscount Wavell.

5. Separate Settlements for Untouchables 194

6. Protest letter against the Proposals of Cabinet 195 Mission.

7. Letter to A. V. Alexander about the Proposals of Cabinet Mission.

CONTENTS— Contd.

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8. Letter to Lord Pethick-Lawrence regarding 207 Statement issued by Cabinet Mission.

9. Clarification by Lord Pethick-Lawrence to 209 Dr. B. R. Ambedkar.

10. Ambedkar finds Champion in Churchill 210

11. Hindu-Scheduled Castes Clashes in Bombay 211

12. Federation Executive resolves on Direct Action 215

13. Reactions to the British Cabinet Plan 223 Dr. Ambedkar’s protest to Churchill.

14. I am fighting for Rights of Scheduled Castes 224

15. Does the Indian National Congress represent the 225 Untouchables of India ?

16. I am a Greater Nationalist than Anybody else 238

17. Letter by Mr. Attlee to Dr. B. R. Ambedkar 250

18. Protest letter of Dr. Ambedkar to Mr. Attlee 253

19. We may be conquered but we shall not Capitulate. 256

20. Letters by Lord Pethick-Lawrence to Mr. Attlee, 258 Prime Minister.

21. The Cabinet Mission and the Untouchables 263

22. Dr. Ambedkar’s Memorandum 277

23. Demand for “Political Independence” 278

24. Churchill-Ambedkar Talks 279

25. Restore the Separate Electorates 280

26. Dr. Ambedkar feels British will do Justice 281

27. Ascertain wishes of Minorities 283

CONTENTS— Contd.

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28. “Dawn” on Ambedkar’s Political Mission to England. 285 Section—III ON BUILDING OF NATION AND ITS DEMOCRACY

1. Provincial Autonomy without responsibility 289 would be unwise.

2. Joint Vs. Separate Electorates : Dr. Ambedkar’s 290 Via Media.

3. Assurance will not be loss to Governor ; nor it 294 will be Gain to Congress.

4. It is Purely a Party Move, No National Purpose 299

5. We shall Wage relentless war to Introduce 300 Adult Franchise.

6. Mobilise against Federation 302 Turning Point in History of Nation.

7. Distributive System of Voting 305

8. Great Britain must be supported 306

9. Wisdom and Statesmanship will dawn to 314 Prevent India from being Divided into Two Parts.

10. Very Nebulous Plan 316

11. We can be a Nation only through Social 318 Amalagamation.

12. Subhas Chandra Bose meets Dr. B. R. Ambedkar 319

13. Meaning of the Congress Decision 320

14. Dr. Ambedkar’s Plan to solve Indian Crisis 324 Muslim demand Criticised.

15. Indians Destiny is bound up with the Victory of 328 Democracy.

CONTENTS— Contd.

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16. How to end Indian Political Impasse 333

17. Jinnah’s Fears will have to be Allayed 335

18. First Proposal on Central Irrigation and 337 Waterways Advisory Board.

19. Both are making Serious Mistake 339

20. Sapru in the wrong 343

21. Control and utilise the Mahanadi to the Best 345 Advantage.

22. We must work in India for creating Co-operative 347 Spirit among all Parties.

23. Unless these points were cleared no lead on 349 Partition Issue.

24. Government of India will not recognise any 350 Princely State as Sovereign Independent.

25. Berar will revert to Nizam on August 15 353

26. If Boundary drawn is not Natural it will put the 355 Safety and Security of the People of India in great jeopardy.

27. Indian Citizens have equal Rights before the 358 Law.

28. One Official Language for Centre and Provinces 360

29. India and the British Commonwealth 361

30. Constitution and Constitutionalism 374

31. People in India would know their Fundamental 378 Rights.

32. What I say is that be Firm and Sincere 381

CONTENTS— Contd.

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33. No use about Independent Foreign Policy 383 without Striking Power

34. U. S. A. inclined towards Pakistan 384

35. Retain English at any cost 385

36. ………One man’s Traffic in Public Affairs 386

37. Flood-Control : Use of Atomic Power 387

38. Strongly object creation of Monolithic 390 Monstrous States.

39. Ambedkar’s Recipe for Maharashtra 391 Section—IV INSTITUTIONS, ORGANISATIONS AND THEIR CONSTITUTIONS

1. Bahishkrit Hitkarini Sabha 395

2. Depressed Classes Institute 407

3. Independent Labour Party 413

4. Independent Labour Party : Wide Support 420

5. I have chosen Bombay as a Place for the College 423 for Three Reasons

6. The People’s Education Society Mumbai 429

7. Appeal by the Hon’ble Dr. B. R. Ambedkar on 442 behalf of the People’s Education Society

8. A Social Centre for the Untouchables in Bombay 445

9. Constitution of All India Scheduled Castes 455 Federation

10. The Buddhist Society of India 478

CONTENTS— Contd.

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APPENDICES

Appendix—I : Constitution of the All India 487 Scheduled Castes Students’

Federation.

Appendix—II : The Position of women in 495 Hinduism and Buddhism.

Appendix—III : The Cabinet Mission 499 Appendix—IV : Interviews of Jagjiwan Ram, 505 Radhanath Das and Prithvi Singh before Cabinet Mission Appendix—V : Poona Satyagraha 506 Appendix—VI : Gandhi Dis-franchised 520 Untouchables by forcing Poona Pact.

Appendix—VII : Under-Privileged in India sold 523 to oppressors.

Appendix—VIII : The Bihar Provincial 529 Depressed Classes League.

Appendix—IX : What about the States ? 533 Appendix X : Ambedkar Urges States to join 536 Indian Union.

Appendix XI : Activities of the Bahishkrit 540 Hitkarini Sabha at Bombay.

Appendix XII : People’s Education Society’s 544 Institutions.

Appendix XIII : A letter to H. H. Sayajirao 546 Gaikwad.

DISCOUNT POLICY ON SALE OF VOLUMES

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DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR WRITINGS AND SPEECHES VOL. 17 PART TWO DR. B . R. AMBEDKAR AND HISEGALITARIAN REVOLUTION PART TWO

SOCIO-POLITICAL, RELIGIOUS ACTIVITIES

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