Pages 541–560

ANNEXURE I

benefitted by the rule which guaranteed to them 12½ per cent representation was true. In answer to the question the Hon’ble the Home Minister was pleased to say that my charge was baseless. Subsequently for some reason—it may be for satisfying the qualms of his conscience—he, I am informed, sent round a circular to the various Departments of the Government of India asking them to report how many Scheduled Caste candidates had been recently recruited in Government service. I am informed that most Departments said in reply ‘NIL’ or nearly nil. If my information is correct, I need make no commentary on the answer given by the Hon’ble the Home Minister.

From my early childhood I have dedicated myself to the upliftment of the Scheduled Castes among whom I was born. It is not that there were no temptations in my way. If I had considered my own interests, I could have been anything I wanted to be and if I had joined the Congress I would have reached to the highest place in that organization. But as I said, I had dedicated myself to the upliftment of the Scheduled Castes and I have followed the adage which says that it is better to be narrow-minded if you wish to be enthusiastic about a cause which you wish to accomplish. You can therefore, well imagine what pain it has caused me to see that the cause of the Scheduled Castes has been relegated to the limbo of nothing.

The third matter which has given me cause, not merely for dissatisfaction but for actual anxiety and even worry, is the foreign policy of the country. Any one, who has followed the course of our foreign policy and along with it the attitude of other countries towards India, could not fail to realize the sudden change that has taken place in their attitude towards us. On 15th of August 1947 when we began our life as an independent country, there was no country which wished us ill. Every country in the world was our friend. Today, after four years, all our friends have deserted us. We have no friends left. We have alienated ourselves. We are pursuing a lonely furrow with no one even to second our resolutions in the U.N.O. When I think of our foreign policy, I am reminded of what Bismark and Bernard Shaw have said. Bismark has said that “politics is not a game of realizing the ideal. Politics is the game of the possible.” Bernard Shaw not very long ago said that good ideals are good but one must not forget that it is often dangerous to be too good. Our foreign policy is in complete opposition to these words of wisdom uttered by two of the world’s greatest men.

How dangerous it has been to us this policy of doing the impossible and of being too good is illustrated by the great drain on our resources made by our military expenditure, by the difficulty of getting food for our starving millions and by difficulty of getting aid for the industrialization of our country.

Out of 350 crores of rupees of revenue we raise annually, we spend about Rs. 180 crores of rupees on the Army. It is a colossal expenditure which has hardly any parallel. This colossal expenditure is the direct result of our foreign policy. We have to foot the whole of our Bill for our defence ourselves because we have no friends on which we can depend for help in any emergency that may arise. I have been wondering whether this is the right sort of foreign policy. Our quarrel with Pakistan is a part of our foreign policy about which I feel deeply dissatisfied. There are two grounds which have disturbed our relations with Pakistan—one is Kashmir and the other is the condition of our people in East Bengal. I felt that we should be more deeply concerned with East Bengal where the condition of our people seems from all the newspapers intolerable than with Kashmir. Notwithstanding this we have been staking our all on the Kashmir issue. Even then I feel that we have been fighting on an unreal issue. The issue on which we are fighting most of the time is, who is in the right and who is in the worng. The real issue to my mind is not who is in the right but what is right. Taking that to be the main question, my view has always been that the right solution is to partition Kashmir. Give the Hindu and Buddhist part to India and the Muslim part to Pakistan as we did in the case of India. We are really not concerned with the Muslim part of Kashmir. It is a matter between the Muslims of Kashmir and Pakistan. They may decide the issue as they like. Or if you like, divide it into three parts; the Cease-fire zone, the Valley and the Jammu-Ladhak Region and have a plebiscite only in the Valley. What I am afraid of is that in the proposed plebiscite, which is to be an overall plebiscite, the Hindus and Buddhists of Kashmir are likely to be dragged into Pakistan against their wishes and we may have to face the same problems as we are facing today in East Bengal.

I will now refer to the Fourth matter which has a good deal to do with my resignation. The Cabinet has become a merely recording and registration office of decisions already arrived at by Committees. As I have said, the Cabinet now works by Committees.

ANNEXURE I

There is a Defence Committee. There is a Foreign Committee. All important matters relating to Foreign affairs are dealt with by it. All matters relating to Defence are disposed of by the Defence Committee. The same members of the Cabinet are appointed by them. I am not a member of either of these Committees. They work behind an iron curtain. Others who are not members have only to take joint responsibility without any opportunity of taking part in the shaping of policy. This is an impossible position.

I will now deal with a matter which has led me finally to come to the decision that I should resign. It is the treatment which was accorded to the Hindu Code. The Bill was introduced in this House on the 11th April 1947. After a life of four years, it was killed and died unwept and unsung, after 4 clauses of it were passed. While it was before the House, it lived by fits and starts. For full one year the Government did not feel it necessary to refer it to a Select Committee. It was referred to the Select Committee on 9th April 1948. The Report was presented to the House on 12th August 1948. The motion for the consideration of the Report was made by me on 31st August 1948. It was merely for making the motion that the Bill was kept on the Agenda. The discussion of the motion was not allowed to take place until the February Session of the year 1949. Even then it was not allowed to have a continuous discussion. It was distributed over 10 months, 4 days in February, 1 day in March and 2 days in April 1949. After this, one day was given to the Bill in December 1949, namely the 19th December on which day the House adopted my motion that the Bill as reported by the Select Committee be taken into consideration. No time was given to the Bill in the year 1950. Next time the Bill came before the House was on 5th February 1951 when the clause by clause consideration of the Bill was taken. Only three days 5th, 6th and 7th of February were given to the Bill and left there to rot.

This being the last Session of the present Parliament, Cabinet had to consider whether the Hindu Code Bill should be got through before this Parliament ended or whether it should be left over to the new Parliament. The Cabinet unanimously decided that it should be put through in this Parliament. So the Bill was put on the Agenda and was taken up on the 17th September 1951 for further clause by clause consideration. As the discussion was going on the Prime Minister put forth a new proposal, namely, that the Bill as a whole may not be got through within the time available and that it was desirable to get a part of it enacted into law rather

than allow the whole of it to go to waste. It was a great wrentch to me. But I agreed, for, as the proverb says “it is better to save a part when the whole is likely to be lost”. The Prime Minister suggested that we should select the Marriage and Divorce part. The Bill in its truncated ‘form went on. After two or three days of discussion of the Bill the Prime Minister came up with another proposal. This time his proposal was to drop the whole Bill even the Marriage and Divorce portion. This came to me as a great shock—a bolt from the blue. I was stunned and could not say anything. I am not prepared to accept that the dropping of this truncated Bill was due to want of time. I am sure that the truncated Bill was dropped because other and more powerful members of the Cabinet wanted precedence for their Bills. I am unable to understand how the Benaras and Aligarh University Bills, how the Press Bill could have been given precedence over the Hindu Code even in its attenuated form ? It is not that there was no law on the Statute Book to govern the Aligarh University or the Benaras University. It is not that these Universities would have gone to wreck and ruins if the Bills had not been passed in this session. It is not that the Press Bill was urgent. There is already a law on the Statute Book and the Bill could have waited. I got the impression that the Prime Minister, although sincere, had not the earnestness and determination required to get the Hindu Code Bill through.

In regard to this Bill I have been made to go through the greatest mental torture. The aid of Party Machinery was denied to me. The Prime Minister gave freedom of Vote, an unusual thing in the history of the Party. I did not mind it. But I expected two things. I expected a party whip as to time limit on speeches and instruction to the Chief Whip to move closure when sufficient debate had taken place. A whip on time limit on speeches would have got the Bill through. When freedom of voting was given there could have been no objection to have given a whip for time limit on speeches. But such a whip was never issued. The conduct of the Minister for Parliamentary Affairs, who is also the Chief Whip of the Party in connection with the Hindu Code, to say the least, has been most extraordinary. He has been the deadliest opponent of the Code and has never been present to aid me by moving a closure motion. For days and hours filibustering has gone on a single clause. But the Chief Whip, whose duty it is to economise Government time and push on Government Business, has been systematically absent when the Hindu Code has been under consideration in the House. I have never seen a case of a Chief Whip so disloyal to the Prime Minister and a Prime Minister so loyal to a disloyal Whip.

ANNEXURE I

Notwithstanding this unconstitutional behaviour, the Chief Whip is really a darling of the Prime Minister. For notwithstanding his disloyalty he got a promotion in the Party organization. It is impossible to carry on in such circumstances.

It has been said that the Bill had to be dropped because the opposition was strong. How strong was the opposition ? This Bill has been discussed several times in the Party and was carried to division by the opponents. Every time the opponents were routed. The last time when the Bill was taken up in the Party Meeting, out of 120 only 20 were found to be against it. When the Bill was taken in the Party for discussion, 44 clauses were passed in about 3½ hours time. This shows how much opposition there was to the Bill within the Party. In the House itself there have been divisions on three clauses of the Bill—2, 3 and 4. Every time there has been a overwhelming majority in favour even on clause 4 which is the soul of the Hindu Code. I was therefore, quite unable to accept the Prime Minister’s decision to abandon the Bill on the ground of time. I have been obliged to give this elaborate explanation for my resignation because some people have suggested that I am going because of my illness. I wish to repudiate any such suggestion. I am the last man to abandon my duty because of illness.

It may be said that my resignation is out of time and that if I was dissatisfied with the Foreign Policy of the Government and the treatment accorded to Backward Classes and the Scheduled Castes I should have gone earlier. The charge may sound as true. But I had reasons which held me back. In the first place, most of the time I have been a member of the Cabinet, I have been busy with the framing of the Constitution. It absorbed all my attention till 26th January 1950 and thereafter I was concerned with the Peoples’ Representation Bill and the Delimitation Orders. I had hardly any time to attend to our Foreign Affairs. I did not think it right to go away leaving this work unfinished.

In the second place, I thought it necessary to stay on, for the sake of the Hindu Code. In the opinion of some it may be wrong for me to have held on for the sake of the Hindu Code. I took a different view. The Hindu Code was the greatest social reform measure ever undertaken by the Legislature in this country. No law passed by the Indian Legislature in the past or likely to be passed in the future can be compared to it in point of its significance.

To leave inequality between class and class, between sex and sex which is the soul of Hindu Society untouched and to go on passing legislation relating to economic problems is to make a farce of our Constitution and to build a palace on a dung heap. This is the significance I attached to the Hindu Code. It is for its sake that I stayed on notwithstanding my differences. So if I have committed a wrong it is in the hope of doing some good. Had I no ground for such a hope, for overcoming the obstructionist tactics of the opponents ? I would like in this connection to refer only to three of the statements made by the Prime Minister on the floor of the House.

On 28th November, 1949 the Prime Minister gave the following assurance. He said :

“What is more, the Government is committed to this thing (Hindu Code). It is going through with it.”

* * * * “Government would proceed with that. It is for this House to accept a measure, but if a Government takes an important measure and the House rejects it, the House rejects that Government and the Government goes and another Government comes in its place. It should be clearly understood that this is one of the important measures to which the Government attaches importance and on which it will stand or fall.”

Again on 19th December 1949, the Prime Minister said : “I do not wish the House to think in the slightest degree that we consider that this Hindu Code Bill is not of importance, because we do attach the greatest importance to it, as I said, not because of any particular clause or anything, but because of the basic approach to this vast problem in problems, economic and social. We have achieved political freedom in this country, political independence. That is a stage in the journey, and there are other stages, economic, social and other and if society is to advance, there must be this integrated advance on all fronts.”

On the 26th September 1951 the Prime Minister said : “It is not necessary for me to assure the House of the desire of Government to proceed with this measure in so far as we can proceed with it within possibilities, and so far as we are concerned we consider this matter as adjourned till such time as the next opportunity—I hope it will be in this Parliament—offers itself.

ANNEXURE I

This was after the Prime Minister had announced the dropping of the Bill. Who could not have believed in these pronouncements of the Prime Minster ? If I did not think that there could be a difference between the promises and performances of the Prime Minister the fault is certainly not mine. My exit from the Cabinet may not be a matter of much concern to anybody in this country. But I must be true to myself and that I can be only by going out. Before I do so I wish to thank my colleagues for the kindness and courtesy they have shown to me during my membership of the Cabinet. While I am not resigning my membership of Parliament I also wish to express my gratitude to Members of Parliament for having shown great tolerance towards me.

New Delhi, 10th October 1951 B. R. AMBEDKAR

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Annexure II Government of India, through its Publication Division had published a book by name ‘Hindu Code Bill and its purpose’ in Hindi language during the 50s. This book contained two speeches of Dr. Ambedkar delivered in the Constituent Assembly, Press reports of the speeches against the Code by Shankaracharya of Jyotirmath and Swami Karpatriji; and the articles supporting the Code by an eminent Vedic Scholar Pandit Dharmadeo Vidyavachaspati. The book also included text of the Hindu Code along with the press-reports supporting it.

It has been felt by the Committee Members that the inclusion of articles by Dharmadeo Vidyavachaspati from the Hindi book in the present volume would be of utmost help to the reader to understand how the reform introduced by Dr. Ambedkar had the support of the Hindu scriptures also. I hope students and scholars alike would benefit by these articles.

—Editor

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Annexure II (fgUnw dksM fcy ij oqQN fopkj&1)

fgUnw dksM fcy fgUnqRo dk j{kd gS ia- /eZnso fo|kokpLifr ¹osnksa d lqizfl¼ fo}ku~ ia- /eZnso fo|kokpLifr mu FkksM+s ls O;fDr;ksa esa gSa ftuds thou dk vf/dka'k le; osnksa ,oa vk;ksZ a ds izkphu /kfeZd xzUFkksa ds vuq'khyu vkSj vuqlU/ku esa chrk gSA fiNys fnuksa mudh ,d ys[kekyk fnYyh ds lqizfLk¼ fgUnh nSfud ¶ohj vtqZu¸ esa izdkf'kr gqbZ Fkh ftlesa mUgksaus izkphu Le`fr;ksa] osnksa rFkk 'kkL=kksa ds izek.k ,oa m¼j.k nsdj fgUnw fcy ds fofo/ fo/kuksa dk lkj£Hkr foospu fd;k gS A fopkj'khy ikBdksa ds fy, ¶ohj vtqZu¸ dh Loho`Qfr ls ;g ys[k ekyk ;gka iqu% izdkf'kr dh tk jgh gSº Hkkjr ljdkj ds fo/ku&lfpo ekuuh; Mk- Hkhejko vEcsMdj }kjk Hkkjrh; jk"Vª laln~ o ikfyZ;kes.V esa izLrqr ^fgUnw dksM fcy* ds fo#¼ ?kksj vkUnksyu fd;k tk jgk gS A nsgyh esa Hkh ,d fgUnw dksM fojks/h lEesyu gks pqdk gS ftles eq[; ukjk ;g yxk;k x;k fd blls /eZ rFkk laLo``Qfr dk loZuk'k gks tk;sxkA eSa izkjEHk esa gh bl ckr dks Li"V dj nsuk pkgrk gw¡ fd eSa fgUnw dksM fcy dk lokZ a'k esa leFkZd ugha gw¡A blesa vusd la'kks/uksa dh vko';drk gS] ,slk Hkh esjk fopkj gSa fdUrq eq>s ;g ns[k dj nq[k gksrk gS fd bl fcy ds lEcU/ esa vlR; izpkj cgqr vf/d fd;k tk jgk gS A izk;% blds fojks/h ,sls gSa ftUgksaus è;kuiwoZd fcy dh /kjkvksa dks i<+us dk dHkh d"V ugha mBk;k vkSj os ^fgUnw/eZ vkSj laLo`Qfr ladV esa* bl ukjs dks yxk dj loZlk/kj.k turk dks mRrsftr djus dk vuqfpr iz;Ru dj jgs gSa A eSa Lo;a osnkfn lR;'kkL=kksa esa n`<+ fo'okl j[kus okyk g¡w vkSj blfy, 'kkL=kh; n`f"V ls Hkh bl fcy esa izLrqr izLrkoksa dk eSaus vuq'khyu fd;k gS ftldk ifj.kke eSa turk ds lUeq[k j[kus dk iz;Ru d:axkA fdarq eSa bl izFke ys[k esa ;g fn[kkuk pkgrk gw¡ fd bl ^fgUnw dksM fcy* ds fuekZrk ;k leFkZd ^fgUnw /eZ* vkSj laLo`Qfr dk uk'k djuk pkgrs gSa] mUgsa ^fgUnw /eZ* ls dksbZ izse ugha bR;kfn tks vizpkj fd;k tk jgk gS og fdruk vlR; gS \

bl fcy dh /kjk 78 esa fy[kk gS fd dksbZ Hkh ,slk O;fDr bl /kjk ds fo/ kuksa ds v/hu fdlh ukckfyx dk oyh (laj{kd) gksus dk vf/dkj ugha j[ksxk % (v) ^;fn og fgUnw /eZ dks R;kx pqdk gS* bR;kfn A /kjk 81 esa ^LokHkkfod cyh dk vf/dkj lÙkk dk [k.Mu* 'kh"kZd ds uhps fy[kk gS&tgka ij fd fdlh ukckfyx fganw dk LokHkkfod oyh ,sls ukckfyx dh laj{kdrk fdlh nwljs O;fDr dks ns nsrk gS] og fuEu vafdrksa dks NksM+ dj [k.Mu ;ksX; gksxk% (d) tgka ij fd mldks [kf.Mr djus dh Loho`Qfr nsuk ukckfyx ds fgr YkkHk ds fy, ugha gS vFkok ([k) tgka ij fd LokHkkfod oyh fganw /eZ dks R;kx pqdk gSA /kjk 83 esa fy[kk gS& ¶fdlh ukckfyx fganw ds oyh dk dÙkZO; gksxk fd og ,sls ukckfyx dk fganw ds :i esa ikyu&iks"k.k djs¸A xksn ysus ds fo"k; easa fo/ok ds vf/dkj dh lekfIr fo"k;d /kjk 61 esa fy[kk gS fd ,d fo/ok dk xksn ysus dk vf/dkj lekIr gks tkrk gS% (d) tc fd og iqu£ookg dj ysrh gSA ([k) tc fganw /eZ dks R;kx nsrh gSA xksn nsus dh ;ksX;rk j[kus okys O;fDr bl 'kh"kZd dh /kjk 62] mi/kjk (3) esa fy[kk gS fd ekrk cPps dks xksn ns ldsxh% (d) ;fn cPps dk firk ej pqdk gSA ([k) ;fn og firk fgUnw /eZ dks R;kx pqdk gS bR;kfnA izoj lfefr (lsysDV desVh) dh fjiksVZ esa mQij m¼r /kjk 78 ds fo"k; esa lnL;ksa us fy[kk gS fd ^ge le>rs gaS fd tks O;fDr fgUnw /eZ dks ;k bl lalkj dks R;kx pqdk gS mls fdlh ukckfyx fgUnw dk LokHkkfod oyh (laj{kd) cuus dk vf/dkj u gksuk pkfg,A* iRuh dk Hkj.k&iks"k.k] bl 'kh"kZd dh /kjk 126 esa fy[kk gS fd fuEufyf[kr n'kkvksa esa thfodk izkIr djus ds vius vf/dkj ls oafpr gq, cXkSj Hkh mlls vyx jgus dk ,d fganw iRuh vf/dkj j[k ldrh gS ;fn (,) og /eZ ifjorZu }kjk vU; /ekZoyEch cu dj vfganw cu pqdk gS bR;kfnA mi/kjk (3) esa fy[kk gS fd ;fn dksbZ fganw iRuh vifrozrk gS vFkok /eZ ifjorZu }kjk vU; /ekZoyEch cu dj vfganw cu pqdh gS] rks ml gkyr esa mls vyx jgus rFkk Hkj.k&iks"k.k gkfly djus dk vf/dkj ugha gksxkA /kjk 120 dk /eZifjorZu djus okyk nk; xzg.k dh ;ksX;rk ugha j[krk] bl 'kh"kZd ds uhps fy[kk gS fd tgka bl dksM ds izkjEHk gksus ls ifgys ;k ckn dksbZ fganw /eZ ifjorZu djds vU; /ekZoyEch cu tkus ds dkj.k fganw u jg x;k gks ;k vfgUnw cu pqdk gks rks bl izdkj ds /eZ ifjorZu ds i'pkr~ ml iq#"k ;k ml L=kh ls tks cPps mRiUu gksaxs] rFkk mudh lUrku vius fdlh fgUnw lEcU/h dh lEifÙk dks

ANNEXURE II

izkIr djus dk vf/dkj u j[ksxh tc rd fd ,sls cPps ;k lUrku mÙkjkf/dkj 'kq: gksus ds le; fgUnw ugha gSA ,sls vU; m¼j.k Hkh vusd fn;s tk ldrs gSa ftuls Li"V gS fd fgUnw dksM fcy ds fuekZrkvksa us fgUnqRo dh j{kk dk fo'ks"k è;ku j[kk gS rFkk mUgsa fgUnw /eZ ls izse gS] ;|fi mlesa lq/kj dh vko';drk dks os vo'; vuqHko djrs gS ftldk mn~s'; Hkh oLrqr% fgUnw èkeZ vkSj tkfr dk m¼kj gh gSA bl fo"k; esa ekuuh; Mk- vEcsMdj vkfn ls gqbZ ckrphr ds vk/kj ij eSa fu'p; ds lkFk dg ldrk gw¡ fd os fganw tkfr dks ,dlw=k esa ykus vkSj mlds laxBu dks n`<+ djus ds fy, gh bl fgUnw dksM fcy dks izLrqr dj jgs gSa ftlesa fgUnqvksa ds vUnj] /kjk 2 esa nh ifjHkk"kk ds vuqlkj u dsoy os O;fDr vkrs gSa tks fgUnw / eZ ds fdlh Hkh Lo:i ;k laiznk; dks ekurs gSa] fdUrq ckS¼] tSu ;k flD[k /eZ ds vuq;k;h vFkok fgUnw /eZ xzg.k djus okys O;fDr Hkh vkrs gSa A vkfnoklh rFkk vU; Hkh bl ifjHkk"kk esa fgUnqvksa ds vUnj gh ekus x;s gSA fo'kky n`f"V ls ns[kus ij fu"i{kikr fopkjdksa dks ,sls ,d loZlkekU; dksM dk egRo Kkr gks ldrk gSA fHkUu&fHkUu LFkkuksa vkSj tkfr;ksa ds jhfr&fjoktksa us fo'kky fgUnw dks dSls fNUu&fHkUu dj j[kk gS ;g crkus dh vo';drk ughaA blfy;s eSa pkgrk gw¡ fd >wBs ukjs yxkus vkSj bl fcy dk iw.kZ fojks/ djus dh Hkkouk dks NksM+ dj yksx bl fcy dh /kjkvksa dk fu"iUu gksdj vè;;u djsa vkSj rc ,sls funsZ'k vFkok la'kks/u izLrqr djsa ftlls ;g vf/d mi;ksxh vkSj ykHkdkjd cu ldsA Mk- vEcsMdj rFkk vU; lnL; ,sls fozQ;kRed funsZ'kksa dk Lokxr djus dks m|r gSaA ll

(fgUnw dksM fcy ij oqQN fopkj&2)

fookglaca/h /kjk,a ia- /eZnso fo|kokpLifr izFke ys[k esa eSaus ikBdksa ls fuosnu fd;k Fkk fd ^fgUnw dksM fcy dk mn~ns'; fgUnw /EkZ] lekt vkSj laLo`Qfr dk loZuk'k djuk gS* bR;kfn dfYir] vlR; ukjksa ij fo'okl u djds mUgsa fu"i{krk gksdj xEHkhj Hkko ls fgUnw dksM fcy dh fHkUu 2 /kjkvksa ij fopkj djuk pkfg;sA bl ys[k esa eSa fookg fo"k;d /kjkvksa ij oqqQN izdk'k Mkyuk pkgrk gwaA fookg dks 'kkL=kh; vkSj flfoy bu nksuksa Hkkxksa esa foHkDr djrs gq, 'kkL=kh; fookg dh 'krZsa /kjk 7 esa fuEufyf[kr ekuh xbZ gaS%& /kjk 7&;fn fuEufyf[kr 'krsZ iwjh gks tkrh gSa rks fdUgha Hkh nks fgUnqvksa esa 'kkL=kh; jhfr ds vuqlkj fookg lEiUu gks ldsxk%& (1) ;fn nksuksa i{kksa esa fookg ds le; ij dksbZ i{k Hkh ifr vFkok iRuh ugha j[krkA (2) ;fn nksuksa i{kksa esa fookg ds le; dksbZ tM+ cqf¼ ;k ikxy ugha gSA (3) ;fn fookg ds le; oj vBkjg o"kZ dh vk;q iwjh dj pqdk gS vkSj o/w 14 o"kZ vk;q iwjh dj pqdh gSA (4) ;fn nksuksa i{k ijLij fu"ks/kRed lEHkU/ dh dksfV;ksa ds vUrxZr ugha vkrsA (5) ;fn nksuksa i{k vkil esa ijLij lfi.M ugha gaS vkSj ;fn ikjLifjd vkpkj vkSj ijEijk ds vUrxZr nksuksa i{kksa esa ,slk laLdkj tk;t (oS/) ekuus dh izFkk u gksA (6) tgka oj ;k oèkw 16 o"kZ dh vk;q iwjh ugha dj pqdh gSa mlds laj{kd dks Loho`Qfr izkIr dh tk pqdh gSA lfi.M lEcU/ dh ifjHkk"kk vkSj O;k[;k djrs gq, /kjk 5 esa dgk x;k gS fd]µ (1)(d) lfi.M lEcU/ dk vFkZ vius ekr`oqQy dh rhu ih<+h rd vkSj fir`oqQy dh 5 ih<+h rd gksxkA ([k) nks O;fDr mlh voLFkk esa ijLij lfi.M dgs tkrs gSa ;fn os] ,d nwljs ds oa'k&ijEijk ls lfi.M lEcU/ dh lhek ds Hkhrj leoZ'kt gSa vFkok ;fn os nksuksa lfi.M lEcU/ dh lhek ds Hkhrj lfEefyr oa'k ijEijkxr vkil esa ,d nwljs ds lkFk leku oa'kt ds :i esa gSaA (x) fuf"k¼ lEcU/ dk ozQe --- nks O;fDr;ksa dk ml voLFkk esa fuf"k¼ lEcU/ dgk tkrk gS ;fn nksuksa esa ls ,d oa'kkuqozQe ls nwljs dk iqj[kk gks] vFkok oa'kkuqozQe ls iqj[ks ;k larfr dh iRuh ;k ifr jgk gks] vFkok os nksuksa HkkbZ&cgu] pkpk&Hkrhth vkSj pkph&Hkfrtk vFkok HkkbZ;ksa o cguksa dh lUrfr gksaA

ANNEXURE II

Li"Vhdj.k%& okD; [k.M 1 vkSj 2 esa ;s lecU/ Hkh 'kkfey gSaA (v) ,slk lEcU/ tks fd v/ZjDr;qDr lgksnj jDr;qDr gSA (2) /eZt rFkk v/EkZt lUrfr lEcU/A (3) nÙkd vFkok jDr lEcU/A mDr okD;&[k.Mksa esa dfFkr lHkh lEcU/|ksrd 'kCnksa dk blh izdkj vFkZ le>k tk;sxkA ikBd ns[ksaxs fd 'kkL=kh; fookg ds fy, tks 'krsZa mij of.kZr dh xbZ gSa os vf/drj ogh gaS ftUgsa /k£ed n`f"V ls vc Hkh izk;% ekU; le>k tkrk gSA vUrj FkksM+k lk gaSA ¶iapekr~ lIreknwèoZaekr`r% fir`rLrFkk¸A bR;kfn Le`fr opuksa esa ekr`oqQy vkSj fir`oqQy dh ozQe'k% 5 vkSj 7 ihf<+;ksa dks lfi.M ekudj mUgsa NksM+us dk fo/ku gS ;|fi Le`fr pfUnzdk] prqfoZ'kfr er laxzgkfn esa 3 vkSj 5 rd gh lfiaMrk ekuh xbZ gSa dbZ ikSjkf.kd xzUFkksa esa rks lfiaMrk dk vkSj Hkh vf/d ladksp djrs gq, ekek dh yM+dh bR;kfn ls Hkh fookg dks mfpr ekuk x;k gS vkSj nkf{k.kkR;ksa esa dbZ LFkkuksa ij oSlh gh izFkk gSA blfy, dksM fcy esa eè;ekxZ dks xzg.k fd;k x;k gSA ;fn 3 vkSj 5 ihf<+;ksa ds LFkku ij ekr`oqQy vkSj fir`oqQy dh ozQe'k% 5 vkSj 7 ihf<+;ksa dks NksM+k tk; rks vf/d 'kkL=kh; gksxk blesa lUnsg ughaA fdarq ;g dguk fd bl dksM fcy ds vuqlkj HkkbZ cfgu dk fookg Hkh oS/ le>k tk;sxk] tSls fd dksM fojks/h yksxksa us oqQN i=kksa vkSj iksLVj vkfn esa izdkf'kr fd;k Fkk loZFkk vlR; gS] ;g rks Li"V gh gSA esjs fopkjkuqlkj 'kkL=kh; fookg ds fu;eksa esa ;fn nksuksa i{k ijLij lfi.M ugha gaSA blds ckn /kjk 7 mi/kjk 5 esa ;g tks viokn j[kk x;k gS fd ;fn ikjLifjd vkpkj&ijEijk ds vUrxZr nksuksa i{kksa esa ,slk laLdkj oS/ ;k tk;t ekuus dh izFkk u gks ;s 'kCn Hkh mM+k nsus pkfg, ftlls ,d:irk dh j{kk ds vfrfjDr lfi.Mksa vFkok fudV lEcfU/;ksa esa fookg ds fu"ks/ fo"k;d 'kkL=kksDr oSKkfud vkKk dk ikyu gks ldsA vusd fganw dksM fcy fojks/h fdrus vlR; vkSj Ny dk vkJ; ys jgs gSa bldk ,d vkSj vfr Li"V mnkgj.k fn, fcuk eSa ugha jg ldrkA mQij 'kkL=kh; fookg dh 'krksZa ds fo"k; esa eaSus ftl /kjk la[;k 7 dks m¼r fd;k gS mlesa pkSFkh 'krZ ewy vaxzsth esa bu 'kCnksa essa gS (4) The parties are not within the degrees of prohibited relationship fgUnw dksM fojks/h lfefr dydÙkk us fgUnw dksM fcy dk tks oqQN vuqokn fganh esa Nik;k mlesa i`- 5 ij bldk vuqokn bl izdkj fn;k%& nksuksa gh i{k (oj&o/w) fuf"k¼ lEcU/ ds ozQe es vkrs gksaA ewy dk vFkZ ^fuf"k¼ lEcU/ ds ozQe esa u vkrs gksa* ;g gSA fdUrq vuqoknd egk'k; turk esa mlds fo#¼ Hkkouk Hkjus ds fy, mlds ¶u¸ dks [kkdj vuqokn dj cSBs gSa fd 'kkL=kh; fookg og gksxk tgka nksuksa i{k fuf"k¼ lEcU/ ds ozQe esa vkrs gSaA ;g ekuuk cM+k dfBu gS fd ;g Nkis dh Hkwy gSA eq>s rks blesa Li"V gh 'kjkjr izrhr gksrh gSA bl vuqokn ds vfUre i`"B ij fy[kk gS ^izR;sd fganw psr tk,A fganw dksM fcy fganw lekt vkSj

laLo`Qfr dk r[rk gh myV nsus dk Hk;kud oqQpozQ gSA* eSa bl ckr dk fu.kZ; ikBdksa ij NksM+uk pkgrk gwa fd D;k ,sls vLkR; ls fganw lekt vkSj laLo`Qfr dh j{kk gks ldrh gS\ cgqfookg dk ifr&iRuh nksuksa ds fy, fu"ks/ djds oLrqr% ¶tk;k iR;s e/qerha okpa onrq 'kkfUroke~¸ ¶bgsekfoUnz lauqn pozQokdso nEirh¸ bR;kfn osn ea=kksa esa Li"Vr;k fu£n"V ,d fookg ds vkn'kZ dh gh leFkZu fd;k x;k gSA ¶ laeriUR;fHkr% liRuhfjo i'kZo%¸ bR;kfn osn&ea=kksa esa liRuhRo dks vR;Ur nq%[knk;d crk;k x;k gSA nqHkkZX;o'k oqqQN f'kf{kr ;qod&;qofr;ksa esa Hkh ;g cgqfookg dh izo`fÙk c<+ jgh Fkh vkSj mlds Hk;adj ifj.kke n`f"Vxkspj gks jgs Fks vr% bl izdkj dk izfrcU/ vko';d gh FkkA orZeku fganw dkuwu ds vuqlkj iq#"k ftrus pkgs fookg dj ldrk Fkk ftlds dbZ mnkgj.k nsgyh ds lEiUu rFkk izfrf"Br le>s tkus okys O;fDr;ksa esa Hkh fo|eku gSA ,d iRuh ds gksrs gq, nwljk fookg djuk izFke iRuh dks fo"k nsus ds leku gS ;g fy[kus dh vko';drk ughaA U;wure vk;q ds fo"k; esa ;gka oj&o/w ds fy, 18 vkSj 14 dks fu;r fd;k x;k gS ftls ge loZFkk vi;kZIr le>rs gSaA gekjs fopkj esa rks 24 vkSj 16 ls de fookgkFkhZ oj&o/w dh vk;q u gksuh pkfg,A ^v"Vo"kkZ Hkosn~ xksjh* tSls osn fo#¼ 'yksdksa dks ekuus okys bl va'k dk Hkh fojks/ djsa rks dksbZ vk'p;Z dh ckr ughaA fookg fo"k;d bu /kjkvksa esa tkfrewyd HksnHkko dks tks Lohdkj ugha fd;k x;k bl ls dbZ dV~VjiUFkh Hkys gh vizlUu gksa fdUrq tks fopkj'khy yksx gSa tkurs gSa fd bl o`Qf=ke] tUeewyd tkfrHksn us fdl izdkj fgUnw lekt dks 8 gtkj ds yxHkx tkfr;ksa&mitkfr;ksa esa foHkDr dj ds ml dh ,drk] laxBu vkSj ijLij izse dks u"V dj jD[kk gS rFkk fdl izdkj ;g tkfr&Hksn ^vT;s"Bklks vdfu"Bkl ,rs laHkzkrjks oko`/q%lkSHkxk;A* (Í- 5@56@5) ^'kwnzks czkgkz.krkesfr] czkgkz.k'pSfr 'kwnzrke~ (euq 10@46)] u TkkR;k czkgkz.k'pk=k] {kf=k;ks oS'; ,o u A u 'kwnzks u p oS EysaPNks Hksfnrk xq.kdeZfHk%AA* 'kqozQuhfr] ^u oqQysu u tkR;k ok] fozQ;kfHkczkZgkz.kks Hkosr~A* (egkHkkjr ouioZ) bR;kfn 'kkL=kh; opuksa ds loZFkk fo#¼ gS tgka o.kZO;oLFkk dks dsoy xq.k dekZuqlkj crk;k x;k gS rFkk tUe dh n`f"V ls lc euq";ksa dh lekurk dk izfriknu gS mUgsa blls tjk Hkh nq%[k u gksxk A o.kZ&O;oLFkk dks xq.kdekZuqlkj eku ysus ij (ftl fl¼kar dh lukrurk dh ?kks"k.kk xr o"kZ dk'kh vkfn LFkkuksa dh] fo}UeaMyh Hkh dj pqdh gS) fookg esa tkfr dk iz'u gh ugha mB ldrkA oLrqr% vUrjtkrh; fookgksa ds leFkZu esa vusd 'kkL=kh; opuksa vkSj ,sfrgkfld mnkgj.kksa dks izLrqr fd;k tk ldrk gS fdarq foLrkjHk; ls eSa ;gka ,slk djuk vuko';d le>rk gwaA tks HkkbZ tUe&ewyd tkfrHksn dks ekurs gSa] bl dksM esa mu ds fy, dksbZ izfr"ks/ ugha gSA mudh vius fo'oklkuqlkj fookgkfn djus dh iw.kZ LorU=krk gSA

ANNEXURE II

bl izLrqr dksM esa lxks=k fookg dk izfriknu fd;k x;k gS ;g dg dj fgUnw turk dks blds fojQ¼ izk;% HkM+dk;k tkrk gS] fdarq bl esa dksbZ ,slh /kjk ugha gS tgka lxks=k fookg dk izfriknu ;k leFkZu gksA dsoy ,d /kjk l- 27 gS ftldk 'kh"kZd ¶igys fookgksa ds fo"k; esa NwV¸ ;g gS] ftl esa dgk x;k gS fd ¶,slk fookg tks fd bl dksM ds vkjEHk gksus ls igys nks fgUnw esa lEiw.kZ gks pqdk gS vkSj tks fd fdlh nwljs rkSj ij tk;t ok oS/ gS og uktk;t ugha gksxk vkSj dHkh Hkh dsoy bl gsrq rFkk gdhdr ij uktk;t ;k voSèk u gksa fopkjk tk;sxk fd nksuksa i{k leku xks=k vFkok leku izoj j[krs Fks vFkok fHkUu tkfr vFkok leku tkfr esa ls foHkDr mitkfr ls lEcU/ j[krs FksA ;g /kjk bl dksM ds izkjEHk ls iwoZ lEiUu fookgksa ds fo"k; esa gSA dgak rks ,d vksj fgUnw dksM fcy ds fojks/h lukru /eZ ds uke ij fookg lEcU/ dh vPNs|rk dh nqgkbZ nsrs gSa vkSj dgka os ,slh /kjk dk fojks/ o [k.Mu djrs gSa ftl esa dsoy lxks=krk ok tkfr&fHkUurk ds vk/kj ij iwoZ lEiUu fookgksa dks voS/ ekuus ls bUdkj fd;k x;k gS ;g ijLij&fo#¼rk vk'p;Ztud gSA ge LoHkkor% ;g pkgrs gSa fd lc yksx 'kkL=kh; fookg gh djsa vkSj blh ds fy, ge lc dks mldk egÙo cqf¼iwoZd le>k dj izsfjr djuk pkfg, ¯drq tks ,slk fdlh dkj.ko'k ugh djuk pkgrs muds fy, flfoy fookg dh iwoksZ¼`r 'krksZa ds vuqlkj gh O;oLFkk dh xbZ gS dsoy bruh 'krZ mlesa vkSj tksM+h xbZ gS fd ^fookg ds nksuksa i{kksa esa ;fn oj vFkok o/w vk;q ds 21 o"kZ iwjs ugha dj pqds rks ,slh fLFkfr esa bl fookg dh Loho`Qfr izkIr dj yh xbZ gks* flfoy fookg dk Hkh ;g vFkZ bl dksM ds vuqlkj ugha gS fd mlesa dksbZ èkk£ed fof/ o fØ;k u gksA /kjk 18 [kaM 2 esa Li"V fy[kk gS fd fookg fdlh Hkh jhfr vuqlkj lEiw.kZ gks ldsxk ¯drq 'krZ ;g gS fd ;g fookg rc rd iw.kZ vkSj i{kksa dks dkuwuh cU/u esa tdM+us okyk ugha gksxk tc rd fd izR;sd i{k jftLVªkj vkSj 3 lkf{k;ksa ds lEeq[k ,slk ugha dgrk fd eSa eq>dks viuh dkuwulaxr iRuh (vFkok ifr) cuus ds fy, xzg.k djrk (;k djrh) gw¡A oLrqr% fookg eU=kksa esa ;g Hkko Li"Vr;k lekfo"V gSA ,d eq[; ckr ;g gS fd vc flfoy fookg ds fy, iwoZor~ ;g dgus dh vko';drk u gksxh fd eSa fgUnw /eZ ;k vU; fdlh Loho`Qr /eZ dks ekuus okyk ughaA ll

(fgUnw dksM fcy ij oqQN fopkj&3)

fookg&foPNsn dh ifjfLFkfr;ka ia- /eZnso fo|kokpLifr bl r`rh; ys[k esa eSa fookg lacU/ foPNsnkfn fo"k;d /kjkvksa ij oqQN fopkj djuk pkgrk gw¡ tks eq[;r;k fuEu gSaµ /kjk 30&&dksbZ ,slk fookg] pkgs og bl dksM eas vkjEHk gksus ls igys vFkok ckn esa lEiw.kZ gks pqdk gS] fuEukafdr vk/kjksa esa ls fdlh ,d ds dkj.k [kRe gks tk;sxkA (1) ;fn ,sls fookg ds le; ij vkSj rc ls ysdj yxkrkj bl lEcU/h vnkyrh dk;Zokgh ds vkjEHk rd fookg ds nksuksa i{kksa esa ls dksbZ ,d uiqald FkkA (2) ;fn ifr fdlh L=kh dks j[ksyh ds :i esa j[k jgk gS vFkok iRuh fdlh ij iq#"k dh j[ksyh cu dj jg jgh gS ;k os';k dk thou O;rhr dj jgh gSA (3) ;fn fookg ds nksuksa i{kksa esa ls dksbZ i{k nwljk /eZ xzg.k dj ysrk gS vkSj fgUnw /eZ dks R;kx nsrk gSA (4) ;fn fookg ds nksuksa i{kksa esa ,d i{k vlkè;:i esa mUeÙk ;k ikxy gS vkSj ,sls izkFkZuki=k ds nsus ds igys fujUrj ikap o"kZ ds fy, mldk bykt fd;k tk pqdk gSA (5) ;fn nksuksa i{kksa esa dksbZ ,d cMs+ Hk;kud vkSj vlkè; izdkj ds oqQ"B ls ihM+k mBk jgk gSA iwoZ blds fd eSa bl vR;Ur fooknkLin vkSj xaHkhj fo"k; ij oS;fDrd :i ls vius fopkj turk ds lkeus j[kwa] eSa ;g Li"V dj nsuk vko';d le>rk gaw fd oSfnd vkn'kZ ds vuqlkj ifr iRuh lEcU/&foPNsn ugha gksuk pkfg,A ikf.kxzg.k ls le; tks eU=k ^x`H.kkfe rs lkSHkxRok; gLRka e;k iR;k tjnf"V;ZFkkl% A Hkxks v;Zek lfork iqjfU/egkz RoknqxkZgZiR;k; nsok%A (½- 10] 85] 36) ^eHks;eLrq iks";k eá Roknkn~ ogLifr% A e;k iR;k iztkorh latho 'kjn% 'kre~ AA (vFkoZ 14] 1] 52)

bR;kfn eU=k i<+s tkrs gSa muesa oj o/w dks lacksf/r djrs gq;s Li"V dgrk gS fd eSa rqEgkjs gkFk dks lkSHkkX; dh o`f¼ ds fy, xzg.k dj jgk gw¡] rqe esjs lkFk o`¼koLFkk i;ZUr lq[kiwoZd fuokl djksA rqe esjh iks";k ;k Hkk;kZ gksA ijekRek us rqEgsa eq>s fn;k gSA eq> ifr ds lkFk rqe 100 o"kZ i;ZUr lq[k 'kkfUr iwoZd jgksA (1) ^^vk u% iztka tu;rq iztk ifrjktlk; leuDRo;ZekaA vnqHkZeayh% ifryksdekfo'k 'ka uks Hko f}ins 'ak prq"insAA¸ (½- 10@85@43)

(2) ¶bgSoLra ekfo;kS"V fo'oek;qO;Z'uqre~A ØhM+Urks iq=kSuZIr`fHkeksZnekukS Los x`gsAA¸ (½- 10@85@42)

bR;kfn fookg lwDr ds vU; eU=kksa esa Hkh ;g Li"Vr;k dgk x;k gS fd ijekRek gesa o`¼koLFkk i;ZUr lnk feyk;s jD[ksA gs ifr&ifRu! rqe nksuksa ;gka jgksA (ekfo;kS"Ve~)

ANNEXURE II

rqEgkjk ,d nwljs ls dHkh fo;ksx o fojks/ u gks vFkok rqe ,d nwljs dk ifjR;kx u djksA ?kj esa izLkUu gksdj lEiw.kZ vk;q dks vkuUniwoZd fcrkvks] bR;kfnA oSfnd vkn'kZ ds vuqlkj fuEu fu;e vko';d gSa — (1) de ls de 24 o"kZ rd iq#"k vkSj 16 o"kZ rd dU;k iw.kZ czgkzp;Z dk ikyu djsa rHkh ,d nwljs dh izlUurk ls x`gLFkkJe esa izos'k djsaA (2) fookg ;qokoLFkk esa Lo;aoj :i esa gksuk pkfg;s] tc ijLij n`<+ dkeuk gks rHkh fookg gksuk pkfg, vU;Fkk ughaA ;g Hkko ^ ,;exu~ ifr dkek tfudkeks¿gekxee~ A* (vFkoZ osn) ^o/wfj;a ifr fePNUR;sfrAA (½- 5@37@3) ^Hknzk o/wHkZofr ;Rlqis'kk Lo;a lk fe=k ouqrs tus fpr~ AA (½- 10@27@12)

bR;kfn osn eU=kksa esa Li"Vr;k izfrikfnr gSA nksuksa vius drZO; vkSj mÙkjnkf;Ro dks tkurs gq, ijLij izlUUkrkiwoZd fookg djrs gSaA (3) iq#"k dks iRuhozr /eZ dk vkSj L=kh dks ifrozr /eZ dk Hkyh Hkkafr lnk ikyu djuk pkfg,A ijLij iw.kZ fo'okl j[krs gq, mUgsa /eZ] vFkZ] dke esa iw.kZ lg;ksx nsuk pkfg;sA ;g fy[kus dh vko';drk ugha fd bu oSfnd vkn'kksZa dk ikyu djrs gq, fookg lEcU/ foPNsnkfn dk iz'u gh ugha mB ldrkA fdUrq nqHkkZX;o'k bu vkn'kksZa vkSj fu;eksa ls turk cgqr nwj tk pqdh gSA u czáp;Z dk Øe jgk] u osnkè;;ukfn dk vkSj u vU; oSfnd fu;eksa dk ikyu fd;k tkrk gS ftl ls 'kkjhfjd] ekufld vkSj vkfRed 'kfDr;ksa dk fodkl gks ldsA ,slh n'kk esa iz'u mifLFkr gksrk gS fd tks voLFkk, /kjk 30 esa o£.kr gSa mu esa D;k fd;k tk,A eè;dky esa tks Hkh Le`fr;ka fy[kh xbaZ rFkk vU; xzUFk cuk,s x,s mu esa oSfnd vkns'kksa ds fo#¼ cgqr lh ckrsa ikbZ tkrh gSa ftu dks izkekf.kd eku dj ckY; fookg izpfyr gks x;k] fL=k;ksa ls osnkè;;u vkSj ;K dk vf/dkj Nhu fy;k x;k] fookg dsoy ekrk firk ;k vf/drj vf'kf{kr iqjksfgr ;k ukbZ vkfn dh bPNk ls gksus yxs ftuesa xq.kdeZ LoHkko ds esy dk fopkj u djds dsoy tkfr mitkfr dh lekurk dk è;ku jD[kk x;kA ,slh voLFkk esa tks 'kkspuh; ifjfLFkfr mRiUu gks xbZ mldks lq/kjus dh vko';drk ls dksbZ fopkj'khy O;fDr bUdkj ugha dj ldrkA ckY; fookg dk gh oqQifj.kke ckY; ej.k] fuohZ;Zrk o uiqaldrk vkfn ds :i esa n`f"Vxkspj gksrk gSA ifr&iRuh ds dyg rFkk ifr;ksa }kjk fookfgr ifRu;ksa ds R;kx] mu ls Øwjrkiw.kZ O;ogkj vFkok iqu£ookg vkfn ds lSdM+ksa ugha gtkjksa mnkgj.k fdlh Hkh uxj esa lqxerk ls ik;s tk ldrs gSaA ,slh voLFkk esa D;k oSfnd vkn'kksZa vFkok lukru /eZ dh nqgkbZ nsus ls dke ugha py ldrk gS\ bl iz'u ij lekt&fgrSf"k;ksa dks xEHkhjrk ls fopkj djuk pkfg,A bl ckr dk Hkh è;ku j[kuk pkfg, fd ftl izfrdkj dk voyEcu fd;k tk, og dgha orZeku voLFkk dks vkSj Hkh fcxkM+us okyk u gksA ll

(fgUnw dksM fcy ij oqQN fopkj&4)

fookg&foPNsn vkSj Le`fr vkfn xzaFk ia- /eZnso fo|kokpLifr izk;% dgk tkrk gS fd fookg lEcU/ foPNsn (ftls lk/kj.kr;k rykd ds uke ls dgrs gaS) fgUnw /eZ rFkk fgUnw lekt dh Hkkouk ds loZFkk fo#¼ rFkk mlds fy, loZFkk uohu izFkk gS ftldks bl fcy }kjk fgUnw lekt ij yknk tk jgk gSA ;gh ckr Hkkjrh; jk"Vª Hkkjrh; jk"Vª laln (ik£y;kesaV) esa ia- y{ehdkUr eS=kkfn vusd lTtuksa us ckj ckj dgh Fkh fdUrq Le`frxzUFkksa rFkk eè;dkyhu vU; lkfgR; dk fu"i{kikr vuq'khyu djus ij bldh vlR;rk Li"V Kkr gSA tSls fd bl ys[k ds izkjfHed Hkkx esa eSa fn[kk pqdk gw¡ oSfnd vkn'kksZa dk vuqdj.k djrs vkSj fookg fo"k;d oSfnd fu;eksa dk ikyu djrs gq, rks fookg lEcU/ foPNsn dk iz'u gh ugha mB ldrk fdUrq mu vkn'kksZa ls nwj gksus vkSj osn fo#¼ izFkkvksa ds vuqlj.k ds dkj.k tks 'kkspuh; voLFkk mRiUu gks pqdh gS gesa rks bl le; mlij fopkj djuk gSA fuEufyf[kr Le`R;kfn opuksa dks bl lEcU/ esa è;ku esa j[kuk pkfg,A lc ls iwoZ eSa ml Le`fr opu dks mn~/`r djrk gwa tks lqizfl¼ gS % (1) ^^u"Vs e`rs izozftrs] Dyhcs p ifrrs irkS A iaPkLokiRlq ukjh.kka] ifrjU;ks fo/h;rsAA** ;g 'yksd ijk'kjLe`fr dss v- 4 dk 'yksd 30 gSA ijk'kjLe`fr ds ^dykS ikjk'kj% Le`r%* vFkok ^dykS ijk'kjh Le`fr% AA * bR;kfn ds vuqlkj bl dfy;qx esa gekjs ikSjkf.kd HkkbZ tks fgUnw dksM fcy dk fojks/ dj jgs gSa lc ls vf/d izkekf.kd ekurs gSaA bl 'yksd dk vFkZ Li"V gS fd — ifr ds u"V gks tkus (muds xqe gks tkus vFkok mlds fo"k; esa dksbZ lekpkj Kkr u gksus)] ej tkus] laU;klh gks tkus] uiqald gksus vFkok ifrr gks tkus ij —bu ikap vkifÙk;ksa esa fL=k;ksa ds fy, nwljs ifr dk fo/ku fd;k tkrk gSA fgUnw /eZ dk ifjR;kx djds eqlyeku o bZlkbZ gks tkuk J¼kyq fgUnqvksa dh n`f"V esa ifrr gks tkuk gS! vr% /kjk 30 esa o£.kr vusd ckrksa dk bls vk/kj dgk tk ldrk gS blesa dksbZ lUnsg ughaA eq>s ekywe gS fd ikSjkf.kd Hkk";dkj rFkk HkkbZ bl 'yksd ds ^irkS* dk vFkZ fookfgr ifr ugha fdUrq mRiRL;ekuifr* ;k Hkkoh ifr djds bl 'yksd dk lEcU/ fookg laLdkj ls iwoZ dsoy okXnku dh voLFkk essa ekurs gSa vkSj O;kdj.k dh n`f"V ls rksM+ ejksM+ dj ,slk vFkZ djus dk nq%lkgl djrs gSaA fdUrq ^ifr% vU;ks fo/h;rs* bu 'kCnksa ls ftudk vFkZ flok; blds dksbZ gks gh ugha ldrk fd nwljs ifr dk fo/ku fd;k tkrk gS muds bl iz;Ru dh fuLlkjrk fl¼ gksrh gSA ;gka ^irkS* bldks vk"kZiz;ksx ekuuk gh mfpr gSA bl ij Hkh ;fn fdlh dks lUnsg gks rks ukjnh; euqlafgrk vè;k; 12 ds 'yksd 99 dks ns[kuk pkfg, tks fuEu 'kCnksa esa gS %