Front matter

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Babasaheb Dr. B.R. Ambedkar (14th April 1891 - 6th December 1956)

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DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR WRITINGS AND SPEECHES Volume No. : 11 Dr. Ambedkar Foundation Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment Govt. of India

Volume No. : 11 First Edition: Education Department, Govt. of Maharashtra: 14 April, 1979 First Re-Printed by Dr. Ambedkar Foundation: Jan, 2014 Second Re-Printed by Dr. Ambedkar Foundation: August, 2019 Third Re-Printed by Dr. Ambedkar Foundation: August, 2020 ISBN: 978-93-5109-182-0 Cover Design: Dr. Debendra Prasad Majhi, Ph.D.

Monogram used on the Cover page is taken from Babasaheb Dr. Ambedkar’s Letterhead.

© Courtesy: Secretary, Education Department, Government of Maharashtra. ISBN (Set): 978-93-5109-171-4 Discounted Price: One Set of 1 to 17 Volumes (20 Books): Rs. 2250/- Discount Policy Annexed.

Publisher:

Dr. Ambedkar Foundation Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India 15, Janpath, New Delhi – 110 001 Phone: 011-23320571 Public Relation Officer : 011-23320588 Email: cwbadaf17@gmail.com Website: http://drambedkarwritings.gov.in The Education Department, Government of Maharashtra, Bombay-400032. For Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Source Material Publication Committee Printer:

M/s Aravali Printers & Publishers Pvt. Ltd., W-30, Okhala Phase – 2, New Delhi – 110020

Collected Works of Babasaheb Dr. Ambedkar (CWBA) Counselling and Collaboration Dr. Thaawarchand Gehlot Minister for Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India and Chairperson, Dr. Ambedkar Foundation Shri Ramdas Athawale Minister of State for Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India Shri Krishan Pal Gurjar Minister of State for Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India Shri Rattan Lal Kataria Minister of State for Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India Shri R. Subrahmanyam Secretary, Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India Ms. Upma Srivastava Addl. Secretary and Member Secretary, Dr. Ambedkar Foundation, Govt. of India Dr. Debendra Prasad Majhi, Ph.D.

Director, Dr. Ambedkar Foundation, Govt. of India Dr. Brijesh Kumar Co-ordinator (CWBA), Dr. Ambedkar Foundation

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The Complete Sets of Collected Works of Babasaheb Dr. Ambedkar, popularly known as CWBA / lEiw.kZ ok³~e;] in Hindi and English, being released by Dr. Thaawarchand Gehlot, Hon’ble Minister of Social Justice & Empowerment, Government of India and Chairman, Dr. Ambedkar Foundation at New Delhi. Dr. Debendra Prasad Majhi, Director of the Foundation and Sh. Surendra Singh, Member Secretary were also present on the occasion. The V olumes in Hindi (V ol. 22 to V ol. 40) have been published for the first time in 2019. CWBA VOLUMES RELEASE

PREFACE

Babasaheb Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was an erudite personality, a symbol of knowledge and a great son of India. He was a public intellectual, social revolutionary and a prolific communicator. He has left behind thought provoking writings and speeches bearing interdisciplinary perspectives, with insightful analysis of sociopolitical situations which evoke intellectual reasons and emotions. His writings are having profound sense of justice manifested in emancipation of marginalized masses. He not only dedicated his life for ameliorating the conditions of deprived sections of the society, but his views on inclusiveness and “Samajik Samrasta” continue inspiring national endeavor. It is expected that these V olumes may provide contemporary relevance of his thought and open up the possibilities of rethinking Dr. Ambedkar in the present day context.

The mandate of Dr. Ambedkar Foundation, inter-alia, include implementation of programmes and furthering the ideology and message of Babasaheb Dr. Ambedkar among the masses in India as well as abroad. It is a matter of great happiness that consequent upon a decision by the Governing Body of the Foundation Chaired by Hon’ble Minister of Social Justice and Empowerment, the Foundation is getting the third edition of Collected Works of Babasaheb Ambedkar (CWBA) V olumes, reprinted on popular demand of the readers. It is informed for the benefit of all concerned that the Foundation always endeavors to make the V olumes available to the readers at an affordable price, and accordingly, it has also been decided to continue with the discount policy as per the past practices on Sale of V olumes. The discount policy of the Foundation has been annexed with each V olume. It is hoped that the V olumes will continue to be source of inspirations for the readers.

15, Janpath, (Dr. Debendra Prasad Majhi)

New Delhi

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THE BUDDHA AND HIS DHAMMA By B. R. AMBEDKAR M.A., PH.D., D.SC., LL.D., D. LITT., BARRISTER-AT-LAW

SIDDHARTH COLLEGE PUBLICATION: I

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THE BUDDHA AND HIS DHAMMA

TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE Prologue Book I . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Book II . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Book III . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

Book IV . . . . . . . . . . . . 315 Book V . . . . . . . . . . . . 415 Book VI . . . . . . . . . . . . 473 Book VII . . . . . . . . . . . . 533 Book VIII . . . . . . . . . . . . 567 Epilogue . . . . . . . . . . . . 593 CONTENTS MESSAGE v PREFACE vii DISCOUNT POLICY ON SALE OF VOLUMES

PROLOGUE

“FROM time to time men find themselves forced to reconsider current and inherited beliefs and ideas, to gain some harmony between present and past experience, and to reach a position which shall satisfy the demands of feeling and reflexion and give confidence for facing the future. If, at the present day, religion, as a subject of critical or scientific inquiry, of both practical and theoretical significance has attracted increasing attention, this can be ascribed to (a) the rapid progress of scientific knowledge and thought ; (b) the deeper intellectual interest in the subject ; ( c) the widespread tendencies in all parts of the world to reform or reconstruct religion, or even to replace it by some body of thought, more ‘rational’ and ‘scientific’ or less ‘superstitious’ ; and (d) the effect of social, political, and international events of a sort which, in the past, have both influenced and been influenced by religion. Whenever the ethical or moral value of activities or conditions is questioned, the value of religion is involved ; and all deep-stirring experiences invariably compel a reconsideration of the most fundamental ideas, whether they are explicitly religious or not. Ultimately there arise problems of justice, human destiny, God, and the universe ; and these in turn involve problems of the relation between ‘religious’ and other ideas, the validity of ordinary knowledge, and practicable conceptions of ‘experience’ and ‘reality.’

—From “Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics,” Vol. X, p. 669.

BOOK I Siddharth Gautama—How a Bodhisatta became the Buddha Part I —From Birth to Parivraja Part II —Renunciation for Ever Part III —In Search of New Light

Part IV—Enlightenment and the Vision of a New Way Part V —The Buddha and His Predecessors Part VI —The Buddha and His Contemporaries Part VII —Comparison and Contrast

PART I

From Birth to Parivraja

1. His Kula

2. His Ancestry

3. His Birth

4. Visit by Asita

5. Death of Mahamaya

6. Childhood and Education

7. Early Traits

8. Marriage

9. Father’s Plans to Save His Son

10. The Failure of the Women to Win the Prince

11. The Prime Minister’s Admonition to the Prince

12. The Prince’s Reply to the Prime Minister

13. Initiation into the Sakya Sangh

14. Conflict with the Sangh

15. Offer of Exile

16. Parivraja—the Way Out

17. Parting Words

18. Leaving His Home

19. The Prince and the Servant

20. The Return of Channa

21. The Family in Mourning

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